å¤?家ä?å¸????¸æ??æ¸??³ç³»ï¼???èµ???å½»å?å­þ??????室温è¶?导â?????½æ??¸ª??ä¼??½é????þ9??/p>

????ç¾??½çº½çºþ>??????¹å¤§å­þ>?©ç??å­þ@?????·è¿?????Ranga Diasï¼?宣å????°å??»¥?¨å?温æ?¡ä»¶ä¸?å®??°è?导ç???°æ??????ï¼???室温è¶?导â????为è?????ºç???°â??ç½?红â????A?¡è?导æ?念æ?¿å??ä¸?åºþB???°ç????ï¼??¶è??ï¼?è¿?äº?ä¸?å¸????¸ç?¸ç»§æ¾?æ¸?ï¼?称ä?æ¶????¸å?³æ?念ã??

????3??15?¥ï?西é?¨è?导å?¨ä??¨å¹³?°è¡¨ç¤ºï?室温è¶?导ç????è¿?å¤??¨å?éª?室ç??究é?¶æ?ï¼?没æ????ä¸?????

???????¥ï?æ³?å°???å°¾ç??è§þ@??涨å??ï¼??¶è??è¿??¿ï?????14?¥æ?´æ???æ¼????°å¤©?¿â????ä¸?è¿?ï¼????¸å????14?¥å??å¸?????称ï????¸ä?æ¶?????室温è¶?导â???¸å?³ä??¡ï?ä¹????å±??¸å?³ç?????????¥ã??

????æ­¤å??ï¼?æ°¸é??¡ä»½???¾å?©ç?µæ?????纵ç?????ä¸?¤©ç§?????æ±?ç¼??¡ä»½ç­?ä¸?å¸????¸ä??½ç?¸ç»§??åª?ä½?æ¾?æ¸?ï¼???????¸å?³ä??¡ã??

????å¦?????室温è¶?导â????æ­£å??°ï?è¿?ç§??°å??è¶?导ä????????项é?è¦?å¼???çª??´ï?ä¸?è¿??¨è?????ºç????????æ¬????ï¼??¸å?³å???¸å????è¿???ä¸?ä¹?????æ¸??³ç³»??ï¼????¥è???¨ç??å­þ>????ç»??????è´¨ç??ä¹?为è?ä¸?´­?°ç?????°è??ä¸?è¿·é?¾ã??

??????è´¨ç??????游æ??è§????¹å??????

?????½å?以é?¶æ????ä¼?导ç?µæ???????è¢?§°ä¸ºè?导ä?ï¼?ä¸??´ä»¥?¥é?½æ???¾è??¨å?°å???ä¸????¶å????å°±å?¨ä?ï¼?å®??°è?导ï???è¦???常è???»ç???¡ä»¶ï¼???常é??è¦?è¢??·å?´è?³é?¶ä?196??æ°?åºþ@·¦?³ç????ä½?温ï???ä¸???è¦??½å????é«??????????½æ??为è?导æ????

????è¿?????¢é???·ç§°ï¼???1??æ°?åºþ:??1GPaï¼?çºþ>?äº?1ä¸?ä¸?¤§æ°???ï¼?????强ä?ï¼???æ°?æ°??ç³»æ????ä¸???°ä?室温è¶?导ã??

????è¿?????ï¼?æ­¤æ?çª??´æ?????½å?????ºæ?????µç?ï¼?以å?????¨ä????¥æ?¸è??????åº??????´å¥½?¨ä??´ä¾¿å®???ç£?ä½???

????常温??常å??ä¸???è¶?导æ????ï¼???论ä?å­????ä½?è¿?????????°å??¿¡åºþ@???°è´¨????

????ç¾??½å??å·?大å??£å?°ä??¥å???¡ç??论ç?©ç??å­þ@?è±??èµ?·èµ«å¸?ï¼?Jorge Hirschï¼?ä¸?注ä???ç¢?ç¡?æ°¢â???????©å????¡ç??ºå??åº???æµ??????¨èµ«å¸????¥ï?è¿??????å¸??ºç???å§??°æ???¶ï?ä»???????表æ??è¿?ä¸?ç»??????±æ?°å??????????ï¼???æ³??¨å?éª?ä¸????æµ???????ä»????°æ??¤ª?´é?äº?ï¼??¨å?éª?室æ???ï¼?ä½?ä¼?å¾??°å¸¦??ä¸?å®?å¹²æ?°ç???°å?????èµ??表示??

?????¨ã?????¶ã????å¿?为迪äº????????°æ??????????è¯?论中ï¼??¥è??¸­ç¾?两å?½ç??两ä?å­þA??表示ï¼???对å?温è?导æ?§æ?±æ??å¸???ï¼?ä½?ä»?å­??¨ç????????

????è¯?论æ???ºï?ä¸?ä¹?????å¯?æ°¢è?导å?????©ç?¸æ?ï¼????°è????·å??ä¸???¨ç??æ°¢å?????¸å?è¾?å°???å¦???æ°??ºæ??ç¡?????导ç?¶æ?????¨å??????ï¼??£ä?å®??¨å??°å?æ­¤é???è½???温度?¹é?¢ç??ä½??¨è???å¾?ç¡????

????????å¤??§ä?å¾???è¯?

????ä¸?????海微系ç???è¶?导ç?µå?å®?éª?室主任尤ç«?????è¯????½é???????¥ã??è®°è??ï¼???è¿?ä¸????°ç???ä»???è¯?å®?ï¼???è¦???è¿?ç¬???¹é??å¤?å®?éª?ï¼?å¦????³ä???室温è¶?导â?????¸å?³è?????足ï??½é??å¤??ºæ?¥ï??£ä?è¿?ä¸????°æ????´æ?§ç??????

?????¨è???¶ç?å­þB???ï¼???????å¤??§â??对ä?éª?è¯?ç§?å­þ@???°ç????ä¼??³å?³é??è¦???????ï¼??¨ç???©ç??å­þ>??å·²ç?¸ç»§??????å¤?è¿??????å®?éª???

????3??9?¥å??3??12?¥ï?ä¸???¢ç?©ç?????¾å?¨è???é¢??°å¹³??rXivä¸???交è?????两ç?论æ??ä¸??½ä½¿?¨ä?è¿??????å®?éª?ä¸???????¥æ°®æ°¢è?????©ï?ä½?å¾??ºç??ç»?????è¿????¹¶ä¸???ï¼?没æ???ºç?°ä???说ç??1GPaä¸???室温è¶?导ã??ä¸?è¿???è¿??????å®?éª??¸æ?ï¼?è¿?äº?å®?éª?????????è·?º¿ä»?????å·????

???????¸å????ä»??¨è?????3??15?¥ï?西é?¨è?导è?£ç??¨å??å¤???èµ???????¶è¡¨ç¤ºï??????¸å?³ç??究ç???æ­£å?¨å?¨ç?????´å??è¿?è¡???å¤?éª?è¯?ï¼????³ç????è¿?????°è?å®?ï¼????¸å?æ­¤ä???审æ????è§??¹ã??é«?温ç???³å?温è?导æ?????¢ç´¢ä¸????å±?ï¼?ä½??????åº??¨è?æ±?å¿?é¡»é??è¿??¶å??????è¶?导æ????ä¸?ä¸?¸´?????°ï?临ç??è½???温度Tc??临ç???µæ?å¯?åº?c??临ç??ç£???cï¼?综å???¹é??ï¼?ä¸?????çº???é«?Tcå°±è?½æ»¡è¶³å??¨è?æ±???

????å°¤ç???表示ï¼???室温è¶?导â??è·?离å??¨ä??§å?è¿?????è¶?导å??¨æ??º«å¸??ºå°±å¾?å°?ï¼?室温è¶?导é??¸´?´å??????ï¼???????ä»·æ?¼ã????????åº??¨å??§ï??½è?è¢?º³?¥è?????????´â????

?¨é?¨è?è®